Traumatic arteriovenous fistula

Traumatic arteriovenous fistula refers to an abnormal communication between an artery and a vein caused by trauma. It is often caused by penetrating injuries, such as stab wounds, gunshot wounds, and metal fragment injuries. It can also be caused by iatrogenic factors, such as arterial and venous punctures. The injury simultaneously affects adjacent arteries and veins, forming a direct communication between the artery and the vein.