Mitral stenosis

The mitral valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle. Its function is to ensure blood flows from the left atrium into the left ventricle and prevent backflow. Mitral stenosis refers to the narrowing of the mitral valve opening, which obstructs blood flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle. When blood accumulates in the left atrium, it may backflow into the lungs, causing pulmonary hypertension, and in severe cases, lead to heart failure. This condition is relatively common, predominantly affecting young and middle-aged adults between 20 and 40 years old, with a higher incidence in females than males.