Trauma of female genital organs

Female genital organ trauma includes third-degree perineal laceration, urinary fistula, fecal fistula, uterine prolapse, ovarian rupture, and vaginal prolapse. Third-degree perineal laceration, also known as complete perineal laceration, involves lacerations of the vaginal opening, perineum, and anal sphincter. In severe cases, the rupture can extend to the rectal wall, causing fecal and gas incontinence. It is often caused by improper management during childbirth, and occasionally by external trauma. Prolapse diseases include uterine prolapse, anterior vaginal wall prolapse, and posterior vaginal wall prolapse. When female genital organs communicate with adjacent urinary or intestinal tracts due to injury, a urinary fistula or fecal fistula is formed.