Fetal distress

Fetal distress refers to a comprehensive set of symptoms where the fetus's health and life are endangered due to hypoxia in the uterus, categorized into acute and chronic types. Acute fetal distress often occurs during labor, while chronic fetal distress typically occurs in late pregnancy. There are many causes of fetal distress, such as maternal factors, fetal factors and fetal adnexa (placenta, fetal membranes, umbilical cord, amniotic fluid, etc.), difficult labor, and maternal conditions like gestational hypertension, chronic nephritis, and diabetes. The main manifestations include fetal intrauterine cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, which can lead to cerebral edema and necrosis of brain cells. Severe asphyxia can have serious consequences and endanger the fetus's life.