Febrile seizures

Febrile seizures are clinically common in infants and young children, typically occurring between 6 months and 5 years of age. They often happen during the early stages of infection with a high fever (greater than 38.5℃). The main manifestations include sudden clonic and tonic spasms of generalized or localized muscles, accompanied by strabismus, fixed gaze, upward rolling of the eyes, and impaired consciousness. Based on the etiology, febrile seizures can be classified into simple and complex types. Simple febrile seizures: These seizures have a clear fever trigger, such as an upper respiratory tract infection, and other organic diseases are ruled out. The seizures are generalized, typically lasting less than 15 minutes, and usually occur only once within 24 hours. This type accounts for a higher proportion of febrile seizures, exceeding 75%. Complex febrile seizures: Complex febrile seizures are clinically less common, accounting for 20%-30%, but they are relatively more harmful and have a poorer prognosis. They are mainly characterized by focal or generalized seizures lasting longer than 15 minutes, more than 2 seizures within 24 hours, and may be followed by central nervous system abnormalities, such as Todd's paralysis.