Spinal deformity

Spinal deformity refers to structural and positional abnormalities of the human spine in the anterior-posterior, left-right, or superior-inferior directions. Common types include kyphosis and scoliosis. Patients with spinal deformities may exhibit abnormal spinal curvature in their appearance. Additionally, spinal deformities can lead to difficulty bending and straightening the back, and impaired lower limb mobility.