Albinism

Albinism is a genetic disorder caused by a defect or significant reduction in melanin synthesis, characterized by a lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes. Patients exhibit symptoms of albinism when genes involved in melanin production mutate. Due to varying inheritance patterns and mechanisms of action among these genes, albinism can be categorized into three main types: oculocutaneous albinism, ocular albinism, and albinism-related genetic syndromes.