Scleral disease

The sclera is the outermost layer of the eyeball, tough, white, and opaque, commonly known as the "white of the eye." It plays a crucial role in protecting the internal structures of the eyeball and maintaining normal visual function. Scleral diseases are relatively singular, most commonly involving fibrous tissue degeneration and necrosis, leading to chronic inflammatory reactions. Once scleral disease occurs, due to its avascular nature and slow metabolism, its self-repair capability is poor, often making treatment difficult and leading to a prolonged and recurrent course.