Retracted eardrum

Tympanic membrane retraction, also known as retracted eardrum, refers to the inward displacement of the tympanic membrane towards the middle ear. Normally, the pressure difference across the tympanic membrane is minimal, and the eardrum remains in its normal position. However, certain conditions can lead to a reduction of air in the middle ear, creating a pressure difference between the external auditory canal and the middle ear. This pressure imbalance causes the tympanic membrane to retract inward, resulting in tympanic membrane retraction. Mild tympanic membrane retraction typically does not cause any symptoms. However, when the retraction is severe enough to compress the ossicles or other structures within the ear, it can lead to symptoms such as ear pain, tinnitus, aural fullness, and temporary hearing loss. In severe cases, it may result in permanent hearing loss.