Sinus cyst

A paranasal sinus cyst is a cystic mass that originates within the paranasal sinuses or develops from a tooth or tooth root and extends into the maxillary sinus. The paranasal sinuses are a group of air-filled cavities within the skull surrounding the nasal cavity, including the maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal sinuses. Paranasal sinus cysts primarily include mucocele, mucosal cyst, and maxillary sinus odontogenic cyst. Mucocele is the most common type, often unilateral, and frequently occurs in the ethmoid sinus, followed by the frontal sinus. Mucosal cysts are more common in the maxillary sinus. A maxillary sinus odontogenic cyst is formed when developmental abnormalities or lesions of the upper teeth protrude into the maxillary sinus. Paranasal sinus cysts grow slowly and are generally asymptomatic. However, an enlarging cyst can cause symptoms such as headache, nasal discharge, orbital pain, and ptosis if it compresses the sinus wall bone. Large cysts may invade the orbit and intracranial cavity, leading to globe fixation or blindness.