Cerebral Herniation

Cerebral herniation is a fatal complication of increased intracranial pressure, caused by a pressure gradient between different compartments within the skull. This leads to the compression and displacement of important structures such as brain tissue, blood vessels, and nerves, which are then forced into physiological or pathological cavities within the brain, resulting in significant symptoms. Based on the affected site, cerebral herniation can be classified into transtentorial herniation, tonsillar herniation, and subfalcine herniation. The main symptoms include severe headache, vomiting, altered consciousness, pupillary changes, motor dysfunction, and unstable vital signs.