Tumor lysis syndrome

Tumor lysis syndrome refers to a series of complications that occur in patients due to the rapid dissolution of tumor cells, leading to the rapid release of intracellular contents and their metabolites into the bloodstream, primarily manifesting as renal dysfunction. It is characterized by the accumulation of large amounts of metabolic products in the body (including hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperkalemia), leading to acute renal failure. Patients often present with anuria, hypocalcemic tetany, ascites, generalized edema, and dyspnea. If not treated promptly, it can lead to severe consequences.