Hepatitis B serologic markers

Hepatitis B serologic markers, also known as "Hepatitis B five items" or "Hepatitis B two pairs and a half," are the most commonly used serum markers in China for detecting Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. They include: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) Hepatitis B e antibody (anti-HBe) Hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) These five indicators, in different combinations, represent different clinical significances. Common results are as follows: 1, 3 positive, others negative: Indicates that the patient is in the early stage of acute Hepatitis B infection, with active viral replication and strong infectivity. 1, 3, 5 positive, others negative: Formerly known as "big three positive," indicates that the patient has acute or chronic Hepatitis B, with active viral replication and strong infectivity. 1, 5 positive, others negative: Indicates that the patient has acute Hepatitis B or is a chronic Hepatitis B virus carrier, with weakened viral replication and weak infectivity. 1, 4, 5 positive, others negative: Formerly known as "small three positive," indicates that the patient has acute or chronic Hepatitis B, with weakened viral replication and relatively weak infectivity. 5 positive, others negative: Indicates that the patient may have had a past Hepatitis B virus infection, but anti-HBs was not detected or produced; or the patient is in the recovery phase, with HBsAg having disappeared and anti-HBs not yet appearing; or the patient is an asymptomatic HBsAg carrier. 4, 5 positive, others negative: Indicates that the patient is in the recovery phase of Hepatitis B virus infection. 2, 5 positive, others negative: Indicates that the patient is in the recovery phase of Hepatitis B virus infection and has acquired immunity. 1, 2, 3, 5 positive, 4 negative: Indicates re-infection with different subtypes of Hepatitis B virus. 1 positive, others negative: Indicates that Hepatitis B virus DNA is in the integration phase, in the latent period, and is infectious. 2 positive, others negative: Indicates that the patient has acquired immunity after illness or vaccination. 3, 5 positive, others negative: Is the result of HBsAg variation. 1, 2, 4 positive, others negative: Is the result of HBsAg and HBeAg variation. 2, 4, 5 positive, others negative: Indicates that the patient is in the recovery phase of Hepatitis B and has acquired immunity. All five negative: Indicates that the patient has not been infected with Hepatitis B virus and does not have protective antibodies.