Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy refers to frequent drowsiness and sleepiness in quiet or monotonous environments, occurring regardless of the situation, even in circumstances requiring full alertness, leading to varying degrees of irresistible sleep. It can manifest as excessive daytime sleepiness or persistent fatigue, weakness, and low spirits despite sufficient sleep. Some patients may also experience symptoms such as cataplexy, hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Based on etiology, it can be classified into the following types: narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia, Kleine-Levin syndrome, hypersomnia due to a medical condition, hypersomnia related to a psychiatric disorder, and hypersomnia induced by medication or substance.