Kallmann syndrome

Kallmann syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with anosmia or hyposmia, resulting from impaired secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus. It commonly manifests during puberty, with a significantly higher prevalence in males than in females. Key symptoms include cryptorchidism or micropenis in males, underdeveloped breasts or primary amenorrhea in females, and anosmia or hyposmia.