Atelectasis

Atelectasis refers to a reduction in the volume or air content of a lung segment or lobe. It occurs when the affected lung tissue collapses and loses normal lung function due to bronchial stenosis or insufficient alveolar surfactant, leading to atelectasis. Mild atelectasis is usually asymptomatic, while severe cases commonly present with chest tightness, shortness of breath, dyspnea, and an irritating dry cough.