Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN), also known as crescentic glomerulonephritis, is a group of diseases characterized by acute nephritic syndrome, rapid deterioration of renal function, and often early onset of oligo-anuric acute renal failure. Pathologically, it is characterized by crescentic glomerulonephritis. It has an acute onset, manifesting as hematuria, proteinuria, oliguria, edema, and hypertension. Primary RPGN is classified into Type I anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease, without pulmonary hemorrhage (idiopathic crescentic glomerulonephritis Type I); Type II immune complex disease (idiopathic crescentic glomerulonephritis Type II); and Type III anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated disease (idiopathic crescentic glomerulonephritis Type III).