Craniocervical junction malformation

Craniocervical malformation refers to deformities of the skull base, foramen magnum, and upper cervical spine, with or without neurological damage. These include basilar invagination, platybasia, Chiari malformation, myelomeningocele, syringomyelia, and spina bifida. The first three are more common. Multiple malformations often occur concurrently. The main symptoms include varying degrees of spinal cord damage, brainstem and cranial nerve dysfunction, vascular symptoms, and head and neck symptoms.