Burns

Burns are tissue injuries caused by high temperatures, electricity, radiation, or chemical substances. Superficial burns can present with redness, swelling, heat, pain or severe pain, and blisters. Deep burns have significant exudation from the wound, which can lead to edema and dulled pain sensation. Internationally, burns are classified into three degrees and four categories based on the depth of injury: First-degree burns: Involve the superficial layer of the epidermis. These are generally not included in the calculation of total burn surface area for treatment purposes. Superficial second-degree burns: Involve the superficial layer of the dermis, retaining some basal layer cells. Deep second-degree burns: Involve the deep layer of the dermis, with some reticular dermal tissue remaining. Third-degree burns: Involve the full thickness of the skin, and may extend to deeper muscles, bones, internal organs, etc.