Public condition directory
Browse public condition summaries from China medical resources by stable specialty category.
Precocious puberty
Precocious puberty is defined as the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics before the age of 8 in girls and before the age of 9 in boys. Both boys and girls experience accelerated growth in height and weight. Specifically, girls may develop breasts, pubic and axillary hair, and menarche. Boys may experience increased testicular volume, penile enlargement, and the appearance of facial and pubic hair.
View detailsPediatric thyroid diseases
The thyroid gland is an endocrine organ located in the neck, shaped like a butterfly, and its main function is to secrete thyroid hormones. Pediatric thyroid disease is not a single disease but a general term for thyroid-related conditions. Pediatric thyroid diseases include hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroiditis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, thyroid nodules, and thyroid masses.
View detailsPediatric gastritis
Gastritis is a disease characterized by inflammatory changes in the gastric mucosa. Pediatric gastritis is a common disease in the pediatric digestive system, often accompanied by symptoms such as upper abdominal pain, nausea, belching, vomiting, and loss of appetite.
Short stature
Short stature is a group of growth and development disorders caused by genetic or disease factors, referring to children whose height is more than 2 standard deviations below the average height of normal children of the same age and sex in similar living environments, or whose height growth is less than 4-5 cm per year. The etiology of short stature is complex, mainly divided into physiological short stature and pathological short stature.
View detailsHand-foot-and-mouth disease
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is an acute infectious disease caused by enteroviruses. It primarily affects preschool children, with the highest incidence observed in kindergarten-aged children. The disease is characterized by scattered rashes and blisters on the hands, feet, mouth, and other areas.
View detailsKawasaki disease
Kawasaki disease, also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, is a systemic vasculitis characterized by fever, rash, mucosal congestion, and lymphadenopathy, primarily affecting children.
View detailsChildhood nephropathy
Pediatric kidney disease is a category of diseases, a group of kidney-related conditions caused by various etiologies. Based on the etiology, these diseases can be divided into the following three categories: Congenital or hereditary kidney diseases: such as solitary kidney, horseshoe kidney, polycystic kidney, hereditary glomerulonephritis, etc. Immune-related nephropathy: such as acute glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, purpuric nephritis, lupus nephritis, hepatitis B virus-related nephritis, etc. Infectious diseases: such as urinary tract infections. Among them, acute glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and purpuric nephritis are the most common. Acute glomerulonephritis: The most common, prevalent in people aged 5 to 14, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 2:1. Nephrotic syndrome: The second most common, prevalent in people aged 3 to 5, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 3.7:1. Purpuric nephritis: The third most common, with a high incidence from September to March of the following year, prevalent in people aged 5 to 13, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.6:1.
View detailsInfantile enteritis
Pediatric enteritis refers to inflammation of the intestinal tract in children caused by various factors, predominantly affecting infants and toddlers aged 6 months to 2 years. Mild cases of this disease are characterized by diarrhea, while severe cases may present with vomiting and diarrhea.
View detailsNeonatal jaundice
Neonatal jaundice, also known as neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, refers to the yellow discoloration of the skin, sclera, and other organs caused by elevated bilirubin levels due to abnormal bilirubin metabolism exceeding the body's metabolic capacity during the neonatal period. It is the most common clinical problem in newborns. It can be divided into two categories: physiological and pathological. Physiological jaundice generally resolves spontaneously, while pathological jaundice requires different treatments depending on the specific condition. Due to the unique characteristics of bilirubin metabolism in newborns, approximately 60% of full-term infants and over 80% of premature infants may develop physiological jaundice 2-5 days after birth, making it a common clinical symptom during the neonatal period.
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