Public condition directory
Browse public condition summaries from China medical resources by stable specialty category.
Apraxia
Apraxia, also known as dyspraxia, is a disorder of higher brain function following brain damage. It is primarily characterized by the inability to properly plan and execute previously learned behaviors and actions, despite the absence of paralysis and deep sensory impairment (i.e., impaired sensation of position, movement, and vibration in joints and muscles).
View detailsSequelae of meningitis
Sequelae are common after meningitis treatment, and these are referred to as post-meningitis sequelae. Post-meningitis sequelae typically manifest as neurological symptoms, causing a range of impairments such as perceptual disorders, mental disorders, and consciousness disorders. If the post-meningitis sequelae are not severe, they can generally resolve on their own. However, if the sequelae are severe, regular treatment is required, and they may even lead to death.
View detailsSequelae of encephalitis
Post-encephalitic sequelae refer to the varying degrees of residual effects that some patients experience after severe encephalitis, even after active treatment during the acute phase. These sequelae can include motor dysfunction, consciousness disorders, cognitive impairment, epilepsy, and psychiatric and behavioral abnormalities, which affect the patient's normal life to different extents. The overall mortality rate for encephalitis is approximately 10%, with up to 50% of patients experiencing short-term consciousness or activity disorders, and 20% of patients being left with severe sequelae.
Post-stroke sequelae
Post-stroke sequelae refer to a condition characterized by hemiplegia, numbness, facial distortion, and speech difficulties, which persist after an acute cerebrovascular event. Stroke, commonly known as "zhongfeng" in traditional Chinese medicine, has a high early mortality rate for hemorrhagic stroke, with about half of patients dying within a few days of onset. Most survivors are left with varying degrees of sequelae such as motor impairment, cognitive impairment, and speech and swallowing difficulties. For patients with ischemic stroke, hemiplegia is the primary sequela clinically.
View detailsLocked-in syndrome
Locked-in syndrome is a special type of brain injury syndrome characterized by the inability to swallow and speak, absence of facial expressions, inability to turn the head or shrug the shoulders, and quadriplegia. However, patients remain conscious, have normal hearing, can perceive pain, can receive external information through sight and hearing, and can communicate by opening and closing their eyes and moving their eyeballs up and down. This condition is often caused by bilateral infarction or hemorrhage in the basilar part of the pons.
View detailsSequelae of cerebral hemorrhage
Post-hemorrhagic sequelae refer to a disease caused by brain injury, where blood vessels in the brain rupture, leading to blood accumulation within the brain parenchyma. This results in permanent damage to the brain parenchyma and a series of residual neurological deficits. Common manifestations include hemiplegia, aphasia, and visual impairment. It predominantly affects individuals aged 50 to 70 years.
View detailsAphasia
Aphasia is an acquired language disorder resulting from focal brain lesions. Patients with aphasia experience impaired or lost language expression and comprehension abilities while remaining conscious. It can be broadly categorized into two types: Motor aphasia: Patients do not have dysarthria, but cannot speak clearly or their speech does not convey the correct meaning. Sensory aphasia: Patients can hear sounds or see words, but cannot understand the meaning of speech or text.
View detailsSequelae of cerebral infarction
Cerebral infarction sequelae are generally defined as various after-effects such as dysphasia, hemiplegia, facial droop, dysphagia, limb numbness, and limb movement disorders that persist 6 months to 1 year after the onset of cerebral infarction.
View detailsHemiplegia
Hemiplegia, also known as hemiparalysis, is the complete paralysis of one side of the body. It is caused by central nervous system damage due to various reasons, resulting in paralysis of one side of the limbs (upper and lower limbs), often accompanied by ipsilateral cranial nerve damage. It is commonly seen in intracranial lesions or stroke. It is more common in middle-aged and elderly individuals. The main manifestation is paralysis of the ipsilateral upper and lower limbs.
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