Public condition directory
Browse public condition summaries from China medical resources by stable specialty category.
Radial nerve injury
Radial nerve injury is a common upper limb nerve injury that can occur during both fracture and fracture treatment. When the radial nerve is injured at different locations, patients will exhibit corresponding sensory and/or motor functional impairments, the severity of which is related to the degree of nerve damage.
View detailsVillonodular synovitis
Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS), also known as villonodular synovitis, is a type of synovitis characterized by synovial proliferation, significant joint effusion, and bone erosion. This disease often presents as localized nodules. The mass may originate from the joint synovium, tendon sheath, fascial layer, or ligamentous tissue. The lesion manifests as a painless soft tissue mass, typically located in the fingers and toes. It can also be seen in other joints (especially the knee) and tendon sheaths. Monoarticular involvement is common, but rare cases of polyarticular disease have also been reported.
View detailsPhalangeal fracture
Phalangeal fracture refers to the breakage of the phalanges caused by direct or transmitted external forces. The first and fifth toes are common sites, and distal phalangeal fractures are more frequent than proximal phalangeal fractures. Fractures can be transverse, oblique, longitudinal, or comminuted. The main symptoms include foot swelling, pain, limited mobility, and deformity.
Osteochondroma
Osteochondroma is a common benign tumor that develops from cartilage cells. It can be solitary or multiple. It mainly occurs in adolescents, typically presenting as a bony protrusion on the bone surface, with no spontaneous pain or tenderness.
View detailsUlnar nerve injury
The ulnar nerve is one of the important peripheral nerves in the upper limb, running from the axilla along the medial side to the hand. It is primarily responsible for the movement of specific muscles in the upper limb and sensation in localized skin areas. Ulnar nerve injury can result from external forces such as compression, traction, or tearing at any point along its course. Ulnar nerve injury mainly manifests as sensory and motor dysfunction.
View detailsPopliteal cyst
The popliteal fossa is a diamond-shaped depression behind the knee joint, which can be clearly palpated when the knee is flexed. A popliteal cyst (Baker's cyst) is a condition caused by an increase in intra-articular fluid and pressure in the knee joint, leading to the extrusion of synovial fluid into the popliteal bursa. It is common in children aged 4-7 years and adults aged 35-75 years. Symptoms include discomfort in the popliteal region, a feeling of fullness after walking, and restricted range of motion of the knee joint.
View detailsMetatarsal fracture
Metatarsals are bones of the foot, analogous to the metacarpals of the hand, and are numbered 1 to 5 from medial to lateral. A metatarsal fracture is a break in the continuity of a metatarsal bone. Metatarsal fractures are relatively common foot injuries, often caused by direct trauma such as a heavy object striking the foot or a vehicle wheel running over the dorsum of the foot. They can also result from indirect trauma, such as a fixed toe combined with a twisting force applied to the foot.
View detailsDistal radius fracture
Distal radius fracture refers to a fracture within 3 cm of the articular surface of the distal radius. This area is the junction of cancellous bone and cortical bone, which is an anatomically weak point and prone to fracture when subjected to external forces. It is often accompanied by damage to the radiocarpal joint and distal radioulnar joint. Distal radius fractures are extremely common, mostly seen in elderly women, children, and young adults. Named after individuals, they can be classified as: Colles fracture, Smith fracture, and Barton fracture.
View detailsFemoral fracture
Femoral fracture refers to a fracture of the femur caused by direct or indirect violence. It can be divided into femoral neck fracture, intertrochanteric femoral fracture, and femoral shaft fracture. Femoral neck fracture: Often occurs due to falls while standing or walking, belonging to indirect violence and low-energy injury. It is more common in the elderly. Intertrochanteric femoral fracture: Caused by direct or indirect violence, often a comminuted fracture. It is more common in the elderly, with an average age higher than that of femoral neck fractures. Femoral shaft fracture: Caused by strong direct or indirect violence, more common in young people, and more frequent in males than females. The main symptoms include local swelling, pain, limb shortening deformity, and functional impairment.
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