Public condition directory
Browse public condition summaries from China medical resources by stable specialty category.
Cutis laxa
Skin laxity is a manifestation of skin aging. As people age, subcutaneous collagen decreases, and subcutaneous fat and even bones atrophy and diminish. Due to the effects of gravity, the skin develops sagging and wrinkles. There are many methods to improve skin laxity, including radiofrequency aesthetics, thread lifts, autologous fat grafting, hyaluronic acid injections, and facelifts.
View detailsBirthmark
Birthmarks generally refer to skin surface abnormalities in shape and color that appear at birth or shortly after. They usually grow slowly and do not cause obvious discomfort such as pain or itching. They are mostly caused by vascular malformations or abnormal pigment formation. This condition presents in various forms, commonly seen on the back, sacral region, and buttocks of children, and less frequently on the limbs. It can also appear on the head and face, varying in shape and size. The color depth also varies, appearing yellow, brown, tan, blue, black, white, or red. Common birthmarks include salmon patches, Mongolian spots, café-au-lait spots, nevus of Ota, pigmented nevi (melanocytic nevi), nevus sebaceus, port-wine stains, capillary hemangiomas, and cavernous hemangiomas.
View detailsMasseter hypertrophy
Masseter hypertrophy refers to the excessive growth of the masseter muscle, making it larger and thicker than normal. It is a common cosmetic concern. Isolated masseter hypertrophy is rare; clinically, it is often accompanied by conditions such as mandibular angle hypertrophy. This condition is prevalent in adult populations in East Asia, Northern Ireland, and the North Caucasus region, with a higher incidence in females than males. The main symptom is an overly wide lower face, almost as wide as the cheekbones, and in severe cases, it can even exceed the cheekbones, affecting aesthetics.
Nevus of Ota
Nevus of Ota, also known as oculodermal melanocytosis, is a condition caused by excessive melanin deposition in the dermal layer of the skin. This condition is more common in people of color, such as Asians and Black individuals, and less common in Caucasians. It is more prevalent in females. The main symptom is the appearance of a bluish-brown mark on the skin at or after birth.
View detailsFreckles
Freckles are brown, punctate skin pigmentations that typically appear on the face, neck, chest, and arms. They become more prominent in summer due to strong sun exposure. Freckles are common and do not pose a threat to human health. Clinical statistics show a higher incidence in Caucasians with light or red hair.
View detailsCafé-au-lait spot
Café au lait spots, also known as café au lait macules, are named for their light brown appearance (resembling a mixture of coffee and milk). They are a relatively common pigmented skin condition. Café au lait spots are light to dark brown macules or patches with clear borders, ranging in size from a few millimeters to tens of centimeters, and can vary in shape. However, the skin texture remains normal. Café au lait spots do not become malignant and generally do not require treatment. However, if cosmetic concerns exist, laser treatment can be chosen, though recurrence is possible after treatment.
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