Otolaryngology - Page 21 | SinoMDB Web

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Otolaryngology

Browse public condition summaries from China medical resources by stable specialty category.

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214 conditionsPage 21 of 24

SurgeryGeneral Surgery

Thyroidectomy for thyroid adenoma

Thyroidectomy for thyroid adenoma

A public condition summary is being prepared.

SurgeryGeneral Surgery

Thyroid laparoscopic surgery

Thyroid laparoscopic surgery

A public condition summary is being prepared.

SurgeryGeneral Surgery

Total thyroidectomy

Total thyroidectomy

A public condition summary is being prepared.

SurgeryGeneral Surgery

Medullary thyroid carcinoma

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Medullary thyroid carcinoma

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a malignant tumor originating from calcitonin-secreting cells or parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland. It is a pathological subtype of thyroid cancer, accounting for 7% of all thyroid cancers, with intermediate malignancy. It can involve lymph node invasion and hematogenous metastasis. Clinically, it presents as thyroid nodules, and some patients experience endocrine dysfunction symptoms such as diarrhea, facial flushing, and hyperhidrosis. It commonly affects young and middle-aged individuals, with a higher incidence in females than males.

SurgeryGeneral Surgery

Thyroid cyst

Thyroid cyst

Thyroid cysts are common cystic nodules of the thyroid gland, most of which are formed by cystic degeneration of thyroid nodules or thyroid adenomas. They are more common in women, and the incidence increases with age. They are generally painless or cause mild pain and move up and down with swallowing.

SurgeryGeneral Surgery

Thyroid mass

Thyroid mass

A public condition summary is being prepared.

SurgeryGeneral Surgery

Thyroid adenoma

Thyroid adenoma

Thyroid adenoma is a benign tumor originating from thyroid follicular cells and is the most common benign tumor of the thyroid gland. This disease is sporadically distributed nationwide, with a higher incidence in women aged 20-40, and a male-to-female ratio of 1:5 or 1:6.

SurgeryGeneral Surgery

Parathyroid carcinoma

Parathyroid carcinoma

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare, highly malignant, and relatively slow-growing endocrine tumor that originates from the parenchymal cells of the parathyroid gland and occurs sporadically. Most cases are accompanied by hyperparathyroidism. The average age of onset is 45-55 years, with an approximately equal incidence in males and females. This disease is more common in Japanese and Italian populations, accounting for about 5% of cases.

SurgeryGeneral Surgery

Parathyroid cyst

Parathyroid cyst

The parathyroid glands are small, oval-shaped glands. 85% of people have two pairs, an upper and a lower, totaling four glands. The upper pair is usually located above the thyroid gland, and the lower pair is immediately below the thyroid lobes. Parathyroid cysts are cysts that occur in the parathyroid glands. They are uncommon, not contagious, and currently believed not to be hereditary. Depending on their manifestations, they can be divided into two types: functional and non-functional. Non-functional parathyroid cysts: These account for 85% of parathyroid cysts and primarily present as a mass in the neck. The mass may cause discomfort by compressing adjacent tissues due to its location or size, leading to symptoms such as a foreign body sensation when swallowing, difficulty breathing, or changes in voice. Functional parathyroid cysts: These account for 15% of parathyroid cysts. In addition to presenting with a mass, they also exhibit symptoms related to hyperparathyroidism, such as bone and joint pain and kidney stones. They are more common in middle-aged women, with an average age of onset of 49 years.

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