Public condition directory
Browse public condition summaries from China medical resources by stable specialty category.
Sequelae of cerebral infarction
Cerebral infarction sequelae are generally defined as various after-effects such as dysphasia, hemiplegia, facial droop, dysphagia, limb numbness, and limb movement disorders that persist 6 months to 1 year after the onset of cerebral infarction.
View detailsTension headache
Tension-type headache (TTH) is a bilateral, non-pulsating headache characterized by a sensation of tightness or pressure in the occipital region of the neck or throughout the entire head. It is associated with sustained muscle contraction in the head and neck, and is classified into primary and secondary types. TTH is more common in young and middle-aged adults, with a slightly higher incidence in females than males. It manifests as a band-like pain around the forehead, temples, top of the head, and back of the head. The International Headache Society classifies TTH based on attack frequency into infrequent, frequent, and chronic tension-type headaches. Infrequent episodic tension-type headache: Occurs on average < 1 day per month; < 12 days per year. Frequent episodic tension-type headache: Occurs on average ≥ 1 day but < 15 days per month for at least 3 months; ≥ 12 days but < 180 days per year. Chronic tension-type headache: Occurs on average ≥ 15 days per month for at least 3 months; ≥ 180 days per year.
View detailsPrion disease
Prion diseases, also known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) or prionopathies, are a group of central nervous system degenerative diseases caused by infectious, abnormal prion proteins. They typically manifest in middle-aged and older individuals, presenting with both neurological symptoms such as paralysis, ataxia, and tremors, and psychiatric symptoms like dementia, insomnia, and cognitive decline. Currently known human prion diseases primarily include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS), fatal familial insomnia (FFI), and Kuru, with Kuru now being extinct.
Lacunar cerebral infarction
Lacunar infarction refers to the occlusion of small cerebral arteries due to thickening of the arterial walls, influenced by factors such as hypertension and advanced age. It is common in middle-aged and elderly individuals, with over 50% of patients having a history of long-term hypertension. Symptoms often include numbness and weakness in the limbs, difficulty speaking, and discoordination.
View detailsCerebral parasitic disease
Cerebral parasitic disease refers to brain damage or inflammatory reactions caused by adult parasites, larvae, or eggs infecting the human brain. According to the type of parasite, cerebral parasitic diseases can be divided into cerebral cysticercosis, cerebral schistosomiasis, cerebral paragonimiasis, and cerebral malaria, among others. Common symptoms of this disease include headache, nausea, vomiting, and fever.
View detailsDystonia
Dystonia is a movement disorder syndrome caused by uncoordinated or excessive contraction of agonist and antagonist muscles. It is characterized by involuntary and sustained abnormal muscle tone, movements, and postures. The disease often begins with involuntary movements in a specific part of the body, and can manifest as involuntary twisting movements and abnormal postures of the limbs, trunk, or the entire body.
View detailsCerebral edema
Cerebral edema refers to a pathological phenomenon characterized by an increase in brain water content, leading to an increase in brain volume. Cerebral edema is a pathological state accompanying various diseases and is not an independent disease in itself. In severe cases, cerebral edema can lead to increased intracranial pressure, reducing blood flow and oxygen supply to the brain, thereby causing a series of symptoms and even becoming life-threatening.
View detailsNeuromyelitis optica
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects the optic nerves (optic neuritis) and spinal cord (myelitis). This disease predominantly affects women. If not treated promptly and regularly, it carries a high risk of relapse and disability, potentially leading to severe sequelae such as significant vision impairment and lifelong paralysis. It can occur at any age, but is more common in young and middle-aged adults, with an average age of onset of 39 years.
View detailsAlzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease, commonly known as senile dementia, is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system that occurs in old age and presenile age, characterized by progressive cognitive dysfunction and behavioral impairment. It is the main type of dementia in old age. Clinically, it manifests as memory impairment, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, visuospatial ability impairment, abstract thinking and calculation ability impairment, and personality and behavioral changes.
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