Public condition directory
Browse public condition summaries from China medical resources by stable specialty category.
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a group of mental disorders with unknown etiology. Patients experience various impairments in perception, thinking, emotion, and behavior, often manifesting as seeing or hearing things that are not actually present, and believing things that are not true. Generally, there is no disturbance of consciousness or significant intellectual impairment.
View detailsDepression
Depression is a mental illness characterized by feelings of sadness disproportionate to one's circumstances, loss of interest in life, social withdrawal, and decreased energy. Unlike general sadness, distress, or lack of energy, depression can lead to feelings of hopelessness and even suicidal thoughts. Women are more susceptible to depression than men.
View detailsBipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder, also known as bipolar affective disorder, is a common mental disorder characterized by episodes of both mania (or hypomania) and depression. It primarily manifests as alternating episodes of manic and depressive symptoms, or as mixed episodes.
Drug dependence
Drug dependence is a chronic, relapsing brain disease characterized by long-term or repeated use of a substance, leading to mental and physical dependence. Individuals are compelled or periodically driven to use the drug, despite no medical need, to achieve the euphoria associated with its use or to avoid the distress of withdrawal. Most drugs that cause dependence act on the central nervous system. Key manifestations include periodic intense craving and drug-seeking behavior, and loss of control over drug use.
View detailsAlcohol dependence
Alcohol dependence is a specific psychological state characterized by a craving for alcohol due to repeated or continuous alcohol consumption, as well as specific psychological and physical reactions (withdrawal syndrome) that occur after reducing or stopping drinking. It is primarily characterized by a strong desire for alcohol, leading to impaired control over alcohol use, alcohol use taking precedence over other activities, and continued use despite alcohol-related harm or adverse consequences. Alcohol dependence can occur continuously or periodically and includes both psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence: The individual's subjective strong craving for alcohol. When psychological dependence is strong and the craving for alcohol is difficult to control, it has diagnostic value for alcohol dependence. Physical dependence: When alcohol consumption is stopped or significantly reduced, a series of withdrawal symptoms appear, requiring repeated use of alcohol or pharmacologically similar substances to alleviate these symptoms. Physical dependence also includes increased tolerance to alcohol. The above characteristics of alcohol dependence usually need to be significant and persistent for at least 12 months, but if alcohol use is continuous (daily or almost daily), at least 1 month is required for a diagnosis of alcohol dependence. Single harmful use of alcohol and harmful patterns of alcohol use do not constitute alcohol dependence.
View detailsSubstance dependence
A public condition summary is being prepared.
View detailsSensorineural hearing loss
Sensorineural hearing loss refers to hearing impairment or loss caused by lesions in the sound perception and analysis pathway (i.e., inner ear hair cells, stria vascularis, spiral ganglion, etc.), inner ear auditory nerve, and auditory center, which obstruct sound perception or sound information transmission. It manifests as hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, and imbalance.
View detailsAdjustment disorder
Adjustment disorder is a mental disorder characterized by short-term, mild emotional disturbances or maladaptive behaviors following a stressful event. Common stressors include health problems, family issues, marital problems, financial difficulties, work-related problems, or other significant life changes. The main symptoms of this disorder include depression, anxiety, despondency, dejection, panic, fear, and social phobia. In severe cases, suicidal behavior may occur.
View detailsStudent mental health problems
A public condition summary is being prepared.
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