Public condition directory
Browse public condition summaries from China medical resources by stable specialty category.
Interrupted aortic arch
Aortic arch interruption, also known as aortic arch discontinuity, refers to the interruption of the anatomical and luminal continuity of the aortic arch. It is a rare congenital heart disease. Aortic arch interruption rarely occurs in isolation and is almost always associated with other cardiovascular malformations, most commonly ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus.
View detailsAortopulmonary Septal Defect
Aortopulmonary septal defect refers to a defect in the septum between the ascending aorta (a part of the aorta that originates from the left ventricle and runs obliquely upwards and forwards) and the pulmonary artery trunk, leading to a connection between the vessels. This congenital cardiovascular malformation allows blood flow from the ascending aorta into the pulmonary artery, causing a series of symptoms.
View detailsDouble outlet right ventricle
Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) is a type of congenital heart disease. Normally, the pulmonary artery originates from the right ventricle and the aorta originates from the left ventricle. In DORV, due to abnormal heart development during the embryonic stage, both the aorta and pulmonary artery originate from the right ventricle, or one great artery and most of the other great artery originate from the right ventricle. The main symptoms of this condition include cyanosis, fatigue, shortness of breath, and edema.
Endocardial cushion defect
Endocardial cushion defect, also known as atrioventricular canal malformation, atrioventricular septal defect, or atrioventricular canal defect, is a congenital heart malformation resulting from abnormal embryonic development. During embryonic development, the endocardial cushions contribute to the formation of the mitral valve, tricuspid valve, atrial septum, and ventricular septum. Therefore, abnormal development of the endocardial cushions leads to a variety of cardiac malformations, including large ventricular septal defects inferior to the atrioventricular valves, atrial septal defects superior to the atrioventricular valve plane, and single or common atrioventricular valve orifices. More than half of patients with endocardial cushion defects also have Down syndrome.
View detailsEctopia cordis
Ectopia cordis is a medical diagnostic term referring to various variations in the normal position of the heart within the thoracic cavity. Ectopia cordis is often a manifestation of congenital heart disease, such as dextrocardia, levocardia, or the rare "ectopia cordis," where the heart is located within the abdominal wall, or between the thoracic and abdominal cavities, among other abnormal changes.
View detailsCongenital mitral atresia
Congenital mitral atresia is a rare cardiac malformation. Most patients also have aortic atresia or hypoplasia. Symptoms such as cyanosis and dyspnea usually appear after birth, and severe cases can lead to heart failure. The natural prognosis is extremely poor.
View detailsCongenital coronary artery aneurysm
Coronary artery aneurysm is defined as a localized or diffuse dilation of a coronary artery, exceeding twice its original diameter, resulting in single or multiple saccular changes. Congenital coronary artery aneurysm is a rare disease, primarily observed in children. Most patients are asymptomatic.
View detailsCongenital pericardial defect
Congenital pericardial defect is a rare heart disease characterized by abnormal congenital development of the pericardium, leading to a partial tissue defect. This can cause cardiac incarceration, affecting the heart's pumping function and leading to a series of systemic ischemic complications. In severe cases, it can result in sudden death. The incidence of this disease is low, less than 0.01%. The male-to-female ratio is approximately 3:1. It can occur at all ages, with a slightly higher incidence in adolescents compared to middle-aged and elderly individuals. Although the disease has certain genetic factors, familial occurrence is rare.
View detailsComplete transposition of the great arteries
Complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is a congenital condition where the aorta and pulmonary artery are transposed, resulting in abnormal connections with the left and right ventricles. Specifically, the aorta connects to the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery connects to the left ventricle, forming two separate, parallel circulatory systems (systemic and pulmonary). If TGA is the only cardiac anomaly, the newborn's pulmonary circulation is a closed loop, preventing oxygenated blood from reaching the rest of the body via the arteries. This leads to rapid onset of hypoxia, and without timely surgical intervention, it can quickly be fatal. If other cardiac anomalies are present, such as a ventricular septal defect (VSD) or an atrial septal defect (ASD), the child may survive longer, allowing time to prepare for surgery.
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