Stomatology - Page 8 | SinoMDB Web

Oral ScienceStomatology

Cheilitis

Cheilitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the skin of the lips caused by various factors. The risk of malignancy is very small, and most cases can heal spontaneously. The main symptoms include swelling, dryness, peeling, itching, and pain of the lips and surrounding skin. It can be mainly divided into the following types: Chronic non-specific cheilitis: Also known as chronic cheilitis, it refers to recurrent symptoms such as swelling, desquamation, chapping (skin cracking), and crusting (hard crusts formed on the surface of wounds) of the lips. It can occur on both the upper and lower lips, but is generally more common on the lower lip. Allergic cheilitis: Refers to inflammatory lesions of the lips that occur after contact with an allergen. Allergic cheilitis can be simply understood as "lip allergy." Glandular cheilitis: Glandular cheilitis generally manifests as hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the labial mucous glands, i.e., symptoms such as enlarged or swollen lips and increased mucus secretion. It generally occurs more frequently on the lower lip. Granulomatous cheilitis: After contracting the disease, the lips generally become thickened and swollen. Actinic cheilitis: Actinic cheilitis is an inflammatory disease of the lips that occurs after excessive exposure of the lips to sunlight and ultraviolet radiation. Benign lymphoepithelial cheilitis: The lymphatic tissue of the affected lips generally undergoes benign hyperplasia, meaning an increase in volume. The patient's lips will exude a pale yellow fluid, which then crusts, along with severe itching. Plasma cell cheilitis: Characterized by an increase in plasma cells (a type of immune cell) in the lips.

View details

Oral ScienceStomatology

Ranula

Oral ScienceStomatology

Temporomandibular joint disorder

Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJD), also known as temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome, is not a single disease. It is a general term for a group of diseases with similar or identical clinical symptoms, whose etiology is not yet fully understood. This condition is common in young and middle-aged women aged 20-40, and recent studies have shown that it is also not uncommon in adolescents.

View details

Oral ScienceStomatology

Osteomyelitis of the jaw

Osteomyelitis of the jaw is a disease caused by infection of the jawbone, typically involving the periosteum, cortical bone, and bone marrow tissue. Osteomyelitis of the jaw can be classified as pyogenic (microbial, bacterial infection), specific (tuberculosis, syphilis, or even HIV infection), and radiation-induced. Common conditions include pyogenic osteomyelitis of the jaw (most common), pediatric osteomyelitis, and radiation osteomyelitis. The main symptoms are pain, swelling, and pus discharge in the affected area.

View details

Oral ScienceStomatology

Tetracycline teeth

Tetracycline teeth refer to the phenomenon of discoloration of deciduous or permanent teeth caused by the use of tetracycline antibiotics during maternal pregnancy or infancy. The main symptom is yellowing of the tooth surface. In mild cases, the teeth appear yellow, which gradually deepens to yellowish-brown or brown over time. In severe cases, they may turn gray or dark purple.

View details

Oral ScienceStomatology

Tooth wear

Teeth are calcified tissues used for chewing food and are the hardest organs in our body. Tooth wear refers to the chronic loss of hard tooth tissue caused by long-term chewing and non-chewing abrasion. The most common symptoms include dentin hypersensitivity, occlusal disorders, food impaction, and bruxism.

View details

Oral ScienceStomatology

Dental fluorosis

Dental fluorosis, also known as mottled enamel, is a dental tissue disease caused by excessive fluoride intake during the development of tooth enamel. It manifests as chalky white to brown patches of varying severity on the enamel of teeth that erupted at the same time, and may be accompanied by enamel defects. This disease is the most common and prominent symptom of early chronic fluorosis, and has a typical regional distribution. In China, most patients with dental fluorosis come from high-fluoride areas, and chronic fluorosis areas exist in Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Shanxi, Gansu, Hebei, Shandong, Guizhou, Fujian, and other places.

View details

Oral ScienceStomatology

Supernumerary teeth

Normally, humans have 20 deciduous teeth and 32 permanent teeth. Supernumerary teeth are those that exceed the normal number. Supernumerary teeth are often found in the incisor region and are mostly conical in shape. The incidence is higher in males than in females, and supernumerary teeth in the anterior region of children are the most common.

View details

Oral ScienceStomatology

Mumps

Parotitis is an inflammation of the parotid gland caused by factors such as infection and autoimmune reactions. It can be classified into bacterial parotitis, epidemic parotitis, chronic recurrent parotitis, and autoimmune parotitis. Different types of parotitis present with slightly varying symptoms, generally including unilateral or bilateral glandular swelling and pain, sometimes leading to facial deformity. Other possible symptoms include fever, anorexia, and general weakness.

View details