Surgery

Spasmodic torticollis

Spasmodic torticollis

Spasmodic torticollis refers to a condition characterized by involuntary contractions of the neck muscles, leading to involuntary twisting of the head and neck, resulting in abnormal head posture. For most patients, symptoms gradually worsen after onset, with the most significant progression occurring in the first 5 years, after which the condition tends to stabilize. Spasmodic torticollis can occur at any age, but it predominantly manifests in adulthood, rarely appearing in children. It is also more common in females than in males.

Urethritis

Urethritis

Urethritis is a lower urinary tract infection, referring to inflammation of the urethral mucosa from the bladder outlet to the external urethral orifice. It can be divided into acute and chronic based on its course. It is more common in women, with typical symptoms including urethral itching, dysuria, and a burning sensation in the urethra during urination.

Epididymitis

Epididymitis