Public condition directory
Browse public condition summaries from China medical resources by stable specialty category.
Chylous blood
In patients with severe hyperlipidemia, the blood may contain a large amount of chylomicrons, appearing as a white, turbid substance, clinically known as "lipemic blood." Lipemic blood is a clinical manifestation of severely elevated triglycerides in the blood. Patients often experience recurrent abdominal pain, anemia, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, poor memory, and blurred vision.
View detailsPapillary muscle dysfunction
Papillary muscle dysfunction refers to a series of clinical syndromes, such as mitral regurgitation, caused by the inability of the mitral valve to close properly due to impaired contraction of the papillary muscles (the fine connective tissue cords that connect the papillary muscles to the atrioventricular valves) due to ischemia, necrosis, fibrosis, etc. It is common in patients with coronary heart disease, acute myocardial ischemia (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction), and chronic myocardial interstitial fibrosis.
View detailsTricuspid stenosis
The tricuspid valve is a one-way valve located between the right atrium and the right ventricle of the heart. Blood flows from the right atrium into the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve. If the tricuspid valve cannot open completely, it is called tricuspid stenosis. Tricuspid stenosis is relatively rare, and congenital cases are even rarer. Acquired tricuspid stenosis is often a component of rheumatic heart valve disease, and isolated tricuspid stenosis is uncommon. It is often accompanied by varying degrees of tricuspid regurgitation, as well as mitral and/or aortic valve disease. Clinical symptoms of this disease mainly include fatigue, dyspnea, and ascites, along with jugular venous distension, significant hepatomegaly, and lower extremity edema.
Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension
Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension is a condition characterized by autonomic dysfunction, referring to a significant drop in blood pressure upon standing up quickly. It is common in middle-aged and elderly individuals, primarily presenting with dizziness, tunnel vision, blurred vision, or even syncope in an upright position.
View detailsRenovascular hypertension
Renovascular hypertension is high blood pressure caused by unilateral or bilateral stenosis of the main renal artery or its branches. It is a common form of secondary hypertension, and early relief of the stenosis may lead to a return to normal blood pressure. The prevalence of renovascular hypertension is approximately 1% to 3% of the total hypertensive population. Among individuals with secondary hypertension, renovascular hypertension can account for up to 20%, making it one of the most common types of secondary hypertension.
View detailsHeart Disease in Pregnancy
Pregnancy with heart disease, which includes both women with pre-existing heart conditions who become pregnant and those who develop new heart conditions during pregnancy, is a serious obstetric complication and one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. Among heart diseases complicating pregnancy, congenital heart disease ranks first, followed by rheumatic heart disease, hypertensive heart disease of pregnancy, peripartum cardiomyopathy, anemic heart disease, and myocarditis, among others. Mild cases may be asymptomatic, while severe cases can present with easy fatigue, loss of appetite, failure to gain weight, post-exertional weakness, palpitations (feeling a strong heartbeat), chest tightness, dyspnea, cough, chest pain, hemoptysis, and edema.
View detailsKeshan disease
Keshan disease is a fatal cardiomyopathy named after Keshan County in Heilongjiang Province, China, where it was first discovered. It is more common in people with selenium deficiency and is characterized by myocardial damage, accompanied by acute or chronic heart failure and various arrhythmias. Currently, Keshan disease has become extremely rare due to selenium supplementation measures.
View detailsTuberculous pericarditis
Tuberculous pericarditis usually results from direct spread of tuberculosis from peritracheal, peribronchial, and mediastinal lymph nodes, or from hematogenous dissemination of primary pulmonary tuberculosis or pleural tuberculosis. Rarely, pericardial involvement can be caused by hematogenous dissemination from distant genitourinary tuberculosis or bone tuberculosis. Tuberculous pericarditis is the most common pericardial disease. It can occur at any age, with a higher incidence in males than in females. The most common symptoms of this disease include fever, cough, night sweats, chest pain, and dyspnea.
View detailsAcute infective endocarditis
Acute infective endocarditis refers to a condition where pathogens (mainly Staphylococcus aureus) enter the heart through the bloodstream, flow over the heart valves (located between the atria and ventricles) or endocardium (the innermost layer of the heart), proliferate there to form vegetations, destroy the structure and function of the heart valves and endocardium, and cause complications in various parts of the body. It is a type of infective endocarditis characterized by acute onset, rapid progression, and numerous complications.
View details