Internal Medicine

Internal MedicineGastroenterology

Achalasia

Achalasia is a primary esophageal motility disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter and absence of peristalsis in the esophageal body. It is also known as megaesophagus or cardiospasm. This disease can occur at all ages, but is more common in individuals aged 30-40 years. Normally, during swallowing, the lower esophageal sphincter relaxes, and the connection between the esophagus and stomach opens, allowing food and liquids to smoothly enter the stomach with esophageal peristalsis. In patients with achalasia, esophageal peristalsis is reduced and the function of the lower esophageal sphincter is weakened, preventing the channel between the esophagus and stomach from fully opening. This leads to the accumulation and retention of food at the bottom of the esophagus. Clinical manifestations include dysphagia, retrosternal pain, food regurgitation, and cough and pulmonary infection caused by aspiration of regurgitated food into the trachea.

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Internal MedicineGastroenterology

Stomach tumor

A public condition summary is being prepared.

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Internal MedicineGastroenterology

Esophageal diseases

A public condition summary is being prepared.

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Internal MedicineGastroenterology

Crohn's disease

Crohn's disease is a chronic, persistent inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that can affect any part of the digestive tract and extraintestinal organs. It is currently difficult to cure, and patients often experience recurrent episodes. It can lead to swelling, inflammation, and deep ulcers that penetrate the intestinal wall mucosa.

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Internal MedicineGastroenterology

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic condition characterized by the reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus, pharynx, or oral cavity, leading to bothersome symptoms or complications. The typical symptoms of GERD are regurgitation and heartburn, but it may also present with symptoms such as cough and chest pain.

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Internal MedicineGastroenterology

Gastric polyp

Gastric polyps are abnormal, protruding, or papillary growths originating from the epithelial tissue of the gastric mucosa. Most gastric polyps are not cancerous, but some types, such as gastric adenomatous polyps and broad-based polyps larger than 2 cm, have a higher risk of malignant transformation. This condition is common in older adults. Most early-stage cases are asymptomatic. When polyps are large, symptoms such as abdominal distension, acid reflux, belching, nausea, and vomiting may occur.

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Internal MedicineGastroenterology

Intestinal polyps

Intestinal polyps refer to any projection or growth from the surface of the intestinal mucosa into the lumen, encompassing both neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. Before definitive pathological characterization, they are collectively referred to as polyps. They are usually asymptomatic, but some patients may experience abdominal distension, pain, or changes in bowel habits.

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Internal MedicineGastroenterology

Acute enteritis

Acute enteritis refers to a syndrome characterized by acute infection and inflammatory response in the intestines. The main symptoms are abdominal pain and diarrhea, followed by general discomfort, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and even fever. This disease can occur at any age, with a higher incidence in summer and autumn, and is more common in areas with poor public health.

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Achalasia

Stomach tumor

Functional gastrointestinal disorders

Esophageal diseases

Crohn's disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Gastric polyp

Intestinal polyps

Acute enteritis