Public condition directory
Browse public condition summaries from China medical resources by stable specialty category.
Optic neuropathy
The optic nerve is a pathway connecting the eyeball to the brain. Optic neuropathy refers to the degeneration of the optic nerve due to various causes, leading to a loss of its conductive function, resulting in blurred vision or even blindness. The main symptoms include sudden vision loss and visual field defects.
View detailsOptic neuritis
The optic nerve is a nerve that connects the brain and the eye, responsible for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain in the form of electrical signals. Optic neuritis is an inflammation of the optic nerve caused by various factors, mainly classified into the following three types: Idiopathic optic neuritis: The most common type, which can be further divided into two subtypes: Idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis: May be an early ocular manifestation of multiple sclerosis. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)-related optic neuritis: Associated with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, which can affect the spinal cord in addition to the optic nerve. Infectious optic neuritis Autoimmune optic neuritis This condition is more common in young and middle-aged adults. The main symptom is a rapid decline in vision within a short period.
View detailsWilson's disease
Wilson's disease is a hereditary disorder of copper metabolism caused by abnormal copper deposition in various tissues throughout the body. This disease presents with diverse manifestations, primarily affecting liver function and neurological function. Common symptoms include loss of appetite, fatigue, somnolence, jaundice, abdominal pain, anemia, hematuria, dystonia, and tremor.
Progressive muscular dystrophy
Progressive muscular dystrophy is a group of muscle degenerative diseases caused by gene mutations, primarily characterized by progressive weakness and atrophy of skeletal muscles. Different types vary significantly in terms of onset time, progression rate, affected areas, and severity. Inheritance patterns include X-linked recessive, autosomal dominant, and autosomal recessive inheritance.
View detailsMitochondrial encephalomyopathy
Mitochondria are the energy factories of the human body, and cells rely on them to produce energy for their functions. Skeletal muscle and the brain have high energy demands, so they are particularly rich in mitochondria. Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy is a group of diseases caused by mutations in mitochondrial or nuclear genes, leading to impaired mitochondrial structure or function and insufficient adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. This results in multisystem dysfunction, primarily affecting the central nervous system and muscle tissue.
View detailsSubarachnoid hemorrhage
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a clinical syndrome caused by various traumatic or non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhages, where blood directly flows into the subarachnoid space. It accounts for approximately 10% of acute strokes. Clinically, SAH is classified into two major categories: traumatic (secondary) and non-traumatic (primary). This condition is more common in individuals with aneurysms, hypertension, smoking, alcoholism, and a family history, as well as in women and people aged 40-60 years.
View detailsMemory impairment
Memory impairment refers to a state where an individual is unable to remember or recall information or skills, which may be due to permanent or temporary memory impairment caused by pathophysiological or situational reasons. Memory includes three basic processes: encoding, retention, recognition, and recall. Memory impairment usually involves various parts of the memory process.
View detailsRestless legs syndrome
Restless legs syndrome, also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a sensorimotor neurological disorder primarily affecting the legs, characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs to relieve discomfort, which impacts sleep. This condition is more common in middle-aged and elderly individuals, with a higher prevalence in women. The main symptoms include an indescribable discomfort in both legs during rest and at night, which improves with movement.
View detailsNeuralgia
Neuralgia is one of the common symptoms in neurology, referring to pain experienced without external stimulation. It is pain directly caused by lesions or diseases of the somatosensory system and can be classified into peripheral neuralgia and central neuralgia. There are many causes of neuralgia, including inflammation, trauma, tumors, and vascular diseases. Neuralgia is often described by patients as burning pain, stabbing pain, tearing pain, lightning-like pain, or electric shock-like pain. It can also manifest as hyperalgesia, where a minor stimulus can cause severe pain, or a previously non-painful stimulus can induce pain.
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