Public condition directory
Browse public condition summaries from China medical resources by stable specialty category.
Chronic nephritis complicating pregnancy
Pregnancy with chronic glomerulonephritis refers to pregnant women who also suffer from chronic glomerulonephritis. It is a relatively common complication during pregnancy. The main symptoms include hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, edema, fatigue, loss of appetite, and anemia.
View detailsAntiphospholipid syndrome
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired thrombophilia primarily caused by the presence of various antiphospholipid components and phospholipid-binding proteins in the body. Thrombophilia refers to a predisposition to developing blood clots. It can be divided into two types: primary and secondary. Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome (PAPS): More common in young adults, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:9. Secondary Antiphospholipid Syndrome (SAPS): Often secondary to autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Key symptoms include recurrent arterial and venous thrombosis, recurrent miscarriage, and thrombocytopenia.
View detailsHyperthyroidism in pregnancy
Hyperthyroidism in pregnancy refers to the co-occurrence of hyperthyroidism in pregnant women or the exacerbation of symptoms in hyperthyroid patients due to pregnancy. Pregnant women may experience symptoms such as emotional agitation, heat intolerance, excessive sweating, flushed skin, rapid pulse, increased thirst and appetite, and goiter.
Gestational diabetes mellitus
Diabetes during pregnancy refers to the first occurrence of elevated blood glucose levels in pregnant women during pregnancy, with two or more fasting blood glucose readings greater than or equal to 5.1 mmol/L. This usually results from one of two situations: Pregnancy superimposed on pre-existing diabetes, known as "diabetes complicating pregnancy." Diabetes that develops during pregnancy in women who had normal blood glucose levels before pregnancy, known as "gestational diabetes mellitus" (GDM). More than 90% of pregnant women with high blood glucose have GDM. After delivery, GDM may resolve, but the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life increases. This condition can have the following effects on pregnant women: The likelihood of developing gestational hypertension is 2 to 4 times higher than in normal pregnant women. Increased susceptibility to infections, such as recurrent genital tract infections during pregnancy, surgical site infections after delivery, puerperal infections, and mastitis. Diabetic ketoacidosis, if it occurs, can be life-threatening. The risk of diabetes recurrence significantly increases in subsequent pregnancies. Increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease later in life. This condition can have the following effects on the fetus: Hyperglycemia can lead to abnormal embryonic development or even death, causing miscarriage. The fetus is prone to macrosomia, with birth weight higher than average. Polyhydramnios can easily induce preterm labor, and when maternal complications such as hypertension occur, premature termination of pregnancy becomes necessary, leading to a preterm birth rate of 10% to 25%. The incidence of fetal malformations increases by 7 to 10 times compared to normal pregnancies, with cardiovascular and nervous system abnormalities being the most common.
View detailsShe
Sheehan's syndrome refers to a condition where severe hemorrhage or hemorrhagic shock occurs during or after childbirth, leading to pituitary artery spasm and occlusion, reduced or interrupted blood supply, and degeneration and necrosis of anterior pituitary cells. This results in a drastic decrease in various hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary and its target organs, causing premature decline in the function of these target organs. It is common in rural and remote areas, particularly among women who deliver at home using traditional methods and experience severe postpartum hemorrhage without special treatment. The main symptoms include postpartum amenorrhea, cessation of lactation, decreased libido, atrophy of mammary glands and reproductive organs, and loss of fertility.
View detailsHeart Disease in Pregnancy
Pregnancy with heart disease, which includes both women with pre-existing heart conditions who become pregnant and those who develop new heart conditions during pregnancy, is a serious obstetric complication and one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. Among heart diseases complicating pregnancy, congenital heart disease ranks first, followed by rheumatic heart disease, hypertensive heart disease of pregnancy, peripartum cardiomyopathy, anemic heart disease, and myocarditis, among others. Mild cases may be asymptomatic, while severe cases can present with easy fatigue, loss of appetite, failure to gain weight, post-exertional weakness, palpitations (feeling a strong heartbeat), chest tightness, dyspnea, cough, chest pain, hemoptysis, and edema.
View detailsFallopian tube tumor
Fallopian tube tumors are benign or malignant tumors that occur in the fallopian tubes. They have a low incidence clinically, with benign tumors being even rarer than malignant ones. These tumors are often overlooked or misdiagnosed in the early stages due to a general lack of specific symptoms.
View detailsEndocrine disorders
The endocrine system is a humorally regulated system composed of endocrine glands, endocrine tissues, and endocrine cells. It primarily regulates hormone secretion under the control of the nervous system and feedback from material metabolism, thereby regulating various human activities and maintaining human health. Endocrine imbalance, literally, can be understood as an abnormality in the function of the human endocrine system. It is not a disease but a general concept, referring to a series of symptoms caused by abnormal hormone action due to various endocrine diseases. The peak age for endocrine system diseases is concentrated in young and middle-aged adults, with a trend towards younger onset. The incidence in women is significantly higher than in men.
View detailsPreconception check-up
Pre-pregnancy check-ups are physical examinations for couples planning to conceive, aiming to ensure a healthy baby. These check-ups primarily focus on the reproductive system and genetic factors. The optimal time for pre-pregnancy check-ups is 3 to 6 months before conception, and both partners should undergo the examinations. Common Questions Q: Which department should I register for pre-pregnancy check-ups? A: Tertiary hospitals have reproductive medicine departments, so you can register there directly. For county-level hospitals without a reproductive medicine department, women can register in the gynecology department; men generally register in the urology department or andrology department.
View details