Public condition directory
Browse public condition summaries from China medical resources by stable specialty category.
Superior vena cava syndrome
Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is a common complication of intrathoracic tumors, characterized by partial or complete obstruction of the superior vena cava and its branches. This obstruction prevents blood from returning to the right atrium, leading to increased venous pressure and a range of associated symptoms.
View detailsCorrected transposition of great arteries
Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA) is a type of transposition of the great arteries, characterized by ventriculoarterial discordance along with atrioventricular discordance. The human body has two types of blood circulation: systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation. Normally, systemic circulation follows the path: "left ventricle → aorta → systemic arteries → systemic capillaries → veins → right atrium," and pulmonary circulation follows the path: "right ventricle → pulmonary artery → pulmonary capillaries → pulmonary veins → left atrium." Transposition of the great arteries occurs when the right ventricle connects to the aorta and the left ventricle connects to the pulmonary artery. In patients with CCTGA, the anatomical left ventricle is connected to the pulmonary artery and, via the mitral valve, to the anatomical right atrium. The anatomical right ventricle is connected to the aorta and, via the tricuspid valve, to the anatomical left atrium. The anatomical right ventricle supports systemic circulation, while the anatomical left ventricle supports pulmonary circulation. This condition is clinically rare, and the vast majority of patients also have other intracardiac malformations, such as ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, and age-related tricuspid valve abnormalities and heart block.
Pentalogy of Fallot
Pentalogy of Fallot is a severe and complex cyanotic congenital heart disease that affects children's physical development and can even be life-threatening. It is characterized by five main cardiac structural abnormalities: right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (pulmonary stenosis), and patent foramen ovale or atrial septal defect, hence the name Pentalogy of Fallot. It can manifest as cyanosis, squatting spells, and dyspnea.
View detailsPrimary malignant cardiac tumor
Primary cardiac malignant tumor refers to a malignant tumor that originates in the heart tissue, which is a rare heart disease. The incidence of primary cardiac tumors in children is 0.03% to 0.1% in autopsies.
View detailsDouble outlet left ventricle
Double outlet left ventricle (DOLV) is a rare congenital cardiovascular malformation characterized by both great arteries originating from the left ventricle. The openings of both arteries are located on the same plane, with underdeveloped bilateral conus and conal muscles. The aortic valve and pulmonary valve are connected, as are the semilunar valves and the mitral valve. Additionally, hemodynamic changes occur. This condition can affect any newborn and is often associated with other cardiovascular diseases.
View detailsTrilogy of Fallot
Trilogy of Fallot is a congenital pulmonary artery disease, referring to a complex congenital cardiovascular malformation primarily characterized by pulmonary valve stenosis, accompanied by patent foramen ovale or atrial septal defect, and right ventricular hypertrophy. This disease is common in people under 20 years old. Main symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, chest pain, dizziness, and even syncope. Cyanotic facies may appear in childhood or adulthood, and clubbing of fingers and toes may be present.
View detailsTrue aortic aneurysm
A true aortic aneurysm refers to a localized or diffuse abnormal dilation of the aortic wall, where the vessel widens to involve all three layers of the vessel wall (adventitia, media, and intima), forming an outward bulging "aneurysm." True aortic aneurysms can be classified as ascending aortic aneurysms, arch aortic aneurysms, descending aortic aneurysms or thoracic aortic aneurysms, and abdominal aortic aneurysms. Thoracic aortic aneurysms and abdominal aortic aneurysms are the most common.
View detailsInterrupted aortic arch
Aortic arch interruption, also known as aortic arch discontinuity, refers to the interruption of the anatomical and luminal continuity of the aortic arch. It is a rare congenital heart disease. Aortic arch interruption rarely occurs in isolation and is almost always associated with other cardiovascular malformations, most commonly ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus.
View detailsRuptured aneurysm of aortic sinus
Aortic sinus aneurysm is a rare congenital cardiovascular malformation, predominantly occurring in the right coronary sinus, with a higher incidence in males than females. It is primarily caused by congenital or partially acquired factors leading to localized aortic wall dysplasia above the basal ring of the aortic sinus. The localized wall becomes thin and gradually bulges under the impact of high-pressure blood flow, forming an aortic sinus aneurysm, which eventually ruptures.
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