Public condition directory
Browse public condition summaries from China medical resources by stable specialty category.
Epiretinal membrane
Epiretinal membrane (ERM) is a disease characterized by the formation of a fibrous membrane due to cell proliferation between the inner limiting membrane of the retina and the vitreous membrane. It commonly affects middle-aged and elderly individuals between 35 and 65 years old. The main symptoms include metamorphopsia, micropsia, photopsia, and varying degrees of vision loss.
View detailsMesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), also known as central serous retinopathy, is a granulomatous inflammation of the choroid that leads to damage of Bruch's membrane (a thin, membrane-like structure located between the choriocapillaris and the retinal pigment epithelium). This damage compromises its barrier function, allowing choroidal neovascularization to penetrate through defects in Bruch's membrane into the subretinal pigment epithelium space or subretinal neurosensory epithelium. This condition commonly affects young and middle-aged adults, with an onset age typically between 32 and 38 years. It usually affects one eye, though a small number of cases involve both eyes. The main symptoms include decreased central vision, metamorphopsia (distorted vision), micropsia (objects appearing smaller), and central scotoma (a blind spot in the central visual field), which can lead to permanent vision impairment.
View detailsOrbital tumors
Orbital tumors are neoplasms that occur in the orbit, including tumors originating from intraorbital tissues, tumors secondary to the extension of periorbital tissues (including eyelids, eyeballs, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, and intracranial cavity), and tumors metastasizing from other distant organs in the body. There is a wide variety of orbital tumors, with benign tumors being more common. The main symptoms include proptosis, pain, decreased vision, and restricted eye movement.
View detailsMacular hole
The macula is a specialized part of the retina and is the most sensitive area of the eye. A macular hole is a tear in the neurosensory epithelium of the retina in the macular area, forming a hole. This hole can be a partial tear, called a lamellar hole, or a full-thickness tear, called a full-thickness hole. This condition is more common in elderly women, with an age of onset ranging from 31 to 87 years, with an average of 66 years, and 95% of cases occurring in individuals over 50 years old. It is more common to affect one eye. The main symptoms include a significant decrease in central vision and a central scotoma in the visual field.
View detailsHyperopia
Hyperopia refers to a refractive state where parallel light rays, after being refracted by a relaxed eye, focus behind the retina. It occurs when the refractive power of the eye is insufficient or the axial length of the eyeball is too short. It is common in people over 40 years old. Typically, hyperopic individuals have blurred vision for distant objects and even more blurred vision for near objects.
View detailsDacryocystitis
Dacryocystitis is caused by various reasons leading to nasolacrimal duct stenosis or obstruction, resulting in the long-term accumulation of bacteria and tears in the lacrimal sac, which stimulates the lacrimal sac mucosa and causes lacrimal sac infection and inflammatory reactions. It includes the following two types: Chronic dacryocystitis: Generally divided into three types: catarrhal, mucocele, and chronic suppurative. Common pathogenic bacteria include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, etc. Acute dacryocystitis: Most cases are acute exacerbations of chronic dacryocystitis, which may be related to increased virulence of pathogenic bacteria or weakened body resistance. The common pathogenic bacterium is Streptococcus. This disease is more common in neonates and middle-aged and elderly people, with chronic dacryocystitis being more prevalent in middle-aged and elderly women. The main symptom is increased tearing, which may be accompanied by redness, swelling, pain, and fever of the eyelids, as well as sticky discharge.
View detailsTrichiasis
Trichiasis refers to the abnormal positioning of eyelashes, which turn inward towards the eyeball, causing discomfort such as eye pain, photophobia, tearing, and foreign body sensation. In severe cases, it can lead to corneal ulcers and even blindness. This condition is relatively common and can occur at all ages. It is frequently seen in children, adolescents, and the elderly. The main symptoms include eye pain, tearing, red eyes, photophobia, and foreign body sensation.
View detailsEye tumor
Eye tumors are a disease caused by the metastasis of cancer cells from other parts of the body to the eye (secondary eye tumors) or the excessive proliferation of eye cells (primary eye tumors). Primary eye tumors can be benign or malignant. The nature of tumors is complex and diverse, and the severity of symptoms varies. Common symptoms include visual abnormalities, visual field defects, decreased vision, eye swelling and pain, palpable masses, and proptosis.
View detailsStye
A stye, also known as a hordeolum, is an acute purulent inflammation of the sebaceous glands near the eyelash follicles or the meibomian glands on the conjunctival surface (inner side) of the eyelid. The main symptoms include a small lump on the eyelid, leading to redness and swelling of the eyelid. The lump contains yellow pus, and patients often feel a foreign body sensation in the eye, accompanied by pain, photophobia, and tearing.
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