Surgery

Atlantoaxial dislocation

Atlantoaxial dislocation

The human cervical spine consists of seven vertebrae, with the atlas and axis referring to the first and second cervical vertebrae, respectively. Atlantoaxial dislocation is a pathological condition where the articular surfaces of the atlantoaxial joint lose their normal alignment due to trauma, congenital malformations, inflammation, or surgery, resulting in joint dysfunction and/or nerve compression. It is more common in adolescents, with main symptoms including neck pain and numbness and weakness in the limbs.

Peripheral aneurysm

Peripheral aneurysm

An aneurysm is a localized bulge or fusiform expansion of an artery caused by a lesion or injury to the arterial wall, and can occur in any part of the arterial system. Peripheral aneurysms refer to aneurysms that occur in arterial areas other than the aorta, with the femoral and popliteal arteries being the most common sites. According to their etiology, they are generally classified into true aneurysms, pseudoaneurysms, and dissecting aneurysms.

Spinal cord injury