Public condition directory
Browse public condition summaries from China medical resources by stable specialty category.
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute metabolic disorder of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins that occurs in diabetic patients due to insufficient insulin levels.
View detailsChronic thyroiditis
Chronic thyroiditis is a general term for a group of diseases, including infectious thyroiditis (chronic phase), Hashimoto's thyroiditis, painless thyroiditis, postpartum thyroiditis, drug-induced thyroiditis, and fibrous thyroiditis. These types of thyroiditis are characterized by a relatively long disease duration, some even lifelong. The main manifestations are hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. Different types of thyroiditis affect different populations. Infectious thyroiditis: More common in children and immunocompromised patients. Hashimoto's thyroiditis, painless thyroiditis, and fibrous thyroiditis: More common in women. Postpartum thyroiditis: Occurs in women within 1 year after childbirth. Drug-induced thyroiditis: Occurs in patients using drugs such as interferon-α, interleukin-2, and amiodarone.
View detailsHypokalemia
Hypokalemia is a condition where the potassium level in a patient's blood is too low. The body may experience a series of symptoms such as weakness, anorexia, nausea, abdominal distension, and in severe cases, dyspnea and arrhythmia.
Hyperthyroidism in pregnancy
Hyperthyroidism in pregnancy refers to the co-occurrence of hyperthyroidism in pregnant women or the exacerbation of symptoms in hyperthyroid patients due to pregnancy. Pregnant women may experience symptoms such as emotional agitation, heat intolerance, excessive sweating, flushed skin, rapid pulse, increased thirst and appetite, and goiter.
View detailsOsteogenesis imperfecta
Osteogenesis imperfecta, also known as brittle bone disease, is a genetic disorder characterized by frequent fractures occurring with minor trauma or no apparent cause. Patients may experience anywhere from a few to hundreds of fractures throughout their lives.
View detailsKallmann syndrome
Kallmann syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with anosmia or hyposmia, resulting from impaired secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus. It commonly manifests during puberty, with a significantly higher prevalence in males than in females. Key symptoms include cryptorchidism or micropenis in males, underdeveloped breasts or primary amenorrhea in females, and anosmia or hyposmia.
View detailsPheochromocytoma
Pheochromocytoma is a tumor that grows in the adrenal medulla or extra-adrenal chromaffin tissue. It can secrete epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine, which are collectively known as catecholamines. It can be detected in people of all ages, but is more common in young and middle-aged adults aged 20-50 years, presenting with symptoms such as hypertension, headache, palpitations, and sweating.
View detailsGestational diabetes mellitus
Diabetes during pregnancy refers to the first occurrence of elevated blood glucose levels in pregnant women during pregnancy, with two or more fasting blood glucose readings greater than or equal to 5.1 mmol/L. This usually results from one of two situations: Pregnancy superimposed on pre-existing diabetes, known as "diabetes complicating pregnancy." Diabetes that develops during pregnancy in women who had normal blood glucose levels before pregnancy, known as "gestational diabetes mellitus" (GDM). More than 90% of pregnant women with high blood glucose have GDM. After delivery, GDM may resolve, but the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life increases. This condition can have the following effects on pregnant women: The likelihood of developing gestational hypertension is 2 to 4 times higher than in normal pregnant women. Increased susceptibility to infections, such as recurrent genital tract infections during pregnancy, surgical site infections after delivery, puerperal infections, and mastitis. Diabetic ketoacidosis, if it occurs, can be life-threatening. The risk of diabetes recurrence significantly increases in subsequent pregnancies. Increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease later in life. This condition can have the following effects on the fetus: Hyperglycemia can lead to abnormal embryonic development or even death, causing miscarriage. The fetus is prone to macrosomia, with birth weight higher than average. Polyhydramnios can easily induce preterm labor, and when maternal complications such as hypertension occur, premature termination of pregnancy becomes necessary, leading to a preterm birth rate of 10% to 25%. The incidence of fetal malformations increases by 7 to 10 times compared to normal pregnancies, with cardiovascular and nervous system abnormalities being the most common.
View detailsAcromegaly
Acromegaly is a clinical syndrome caused by persistent excessive secretion of growth hormone after epiphyseal closure. This disease progresses slowly and is characterized by hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the epiphyses, soft tissues, and internal organs.
View details